The loss of any participant will not prevent communication since there are

multiple pathways for communication. It is also known as a peer-to-peer

network.

The problem of double spend

Double spend is transacting with the same set of digital assets more than

once. Many digital money systems are plagued with this problem, and most

blockchain networks are designed to prevent this.

Attack of double spend

It is an attack where a blockchain network user attempts to explicitly

double-spend a digital asset.

Fault tolerance

It is the property of a system that allows proper operation even if the

components fail.

Fork

It is a change to a blockchain network’s software (usually the consensus

algorithm). The changes may be backward compatible (Soft Fork), or the

changes may not be backward compatible (Hard Fork).

Full node

The full node stores the blockchain data passed along with the data to other

nodes and ensures that newly added blocks are valid and authentic.

Genesis block

To record the initial state of the system, the genesis block is the first block

of a blockchain network.

Hard fork

It is a change to a blockchain implementation that is not backward

compatible. The non-updated nodes cannot continue to transact with

updated nodes.

Hash chain